Write a report to your Departmental Manager on the Implementation of Coursework

Write a report to your Departmental Manager on the Implementation of Effective Job Design within the Organisation - Coursework Example Inadequately designed jobs often bring about dullness and consequently increased turnover, demotivation, low levels of job contentment, diminished efficiency, and an escalation in organizational costs. Many of these undesirable concerns could be circumvented or reduced through effective job design or proper detection of major job constituents. Businessdictionary.com defines job design as â€Å"Work arrangement (or rearrangement) aimed at reducing or overcoming job dissatisfaction and employee alienation arising from repetitive and mechanistic tasks. Through job design, organizations try to raise productivity levels by offering non-monetary rewards such as greater satisfaction from a sense of personal achievement in meeting the increased challenge and responsibility of ones work. Job enlargement, job enrichment, job rotation, and job simplification are the various techniques used in a job design exercise.† There are broadly two approaches to job design which is based on two different schools of thoughts. The first method involves fitting individuals to jobs. It is founded upon the hypothesis that people can be modified to any work condition. Thus employee attitudes towards the job are overlooked and jobs are aimed at producing maximum economic and technological productivity. This methodology uses the doctrines of scientific management and work simplification. In contrast, the second method involves fitting jobs to individuals. It is centered upon the theory that individuals are underutilized at the task and long for more challenges and accountability. Practices such as job rotation, job enlargement, etc. are used while designing jobs under the second alternative. The scientific management approach was devised by F.W. Taylor. The approach is based on the application of scientific principles to job design. Work, according to this approach should be scientifically analyzed and fragmented into predetermined tasks. Taylor supports job specialization